Austria's EU accession 25 years ago, alongside Finland and Sweden, was preceded by an extended period of convergence … toward the EU: via the free trade agreement concluded with the EC in 1973, and the participation in the European Economic … Area (EEA) in 1994. Although the COVID-19 crisis in 2020 seems to overshadow the overall positive balance of 25 years of EU …

A new macroeconomic evaluation of EU enlargement is undertaken with a world macroeconomic model taking into account all … gain around ten times more from enlargement than the EU. On average, enlargement is a win-win game. Hungary and Poland can … percent). The EU on average would gain around ½ percent of real GDP over a six year period. However, the impact is quite …