the EU as an example of an integrated area, we construct measures of backward and forward linkages with intra- and extra-EU … trading partners at the country-sector level. We find that especially upstream integration and EU-accession dampen inflation …. The results for downstream integration indicate a price-increasing relationship. We propose novel EU integration …

The EU Single Market and the Maastricht Treaty are now aged 25. In this short history many events marked the way: the … creation of EMU in 1999, the introduction of the euro in 2002, and the great EU enlargement starting in 2004. And lastly - for … the Euro crisis in 2010 led to a setback in the economic development in the EU. A quarter of a century invites to look …

We estimate the pro-competitive effects of Austria's participation in the Single Market after its EU accession in 1995 …