This paper develops new estimates of export quality, far more extensive than previous efforts, covering 178 countries …

framework. While the survey illustrates that a robust framework supportive of the export of generic medicines to meet public …

affect export upgrading and, if so, whether their effects are complementary or substitutable. Export upgrading entails export … diversification (including overall export diversification, as well as diversification at the intensive and at the extensive margins …) and export quality improvement. The empirical analysis shows that total AfT flows have a strong positive impact on export …

This paper addresses the issue of export licensing procedures in the WTO context. It aims to contribute to the … understanding of the existing rules applicable to export licensing in the WTO, and what the development of specific disciplines … would mean to international trade. The paper looks at the definition of export licensing, the past discussions on developing …

exported by destination and with the number of export destinations served by product. To address the issue of causality, we …