<Para ID="Par1">During the past decades, the command and control approaches were used to access a safe water supply policy. However, traditional methods of water management rarely consider complex interactions and outcomes of water allocations which can show their effects in feedback loops. These methods also...</para>

An analysis was made of the underlying factors leading to water supply problems in urbanized regions in developing countries. Three interrelated factors were identified and described: (1) a high rate of population growth, (2) lack of investments in water supply infrastructure, and (3) the upper...

Due to the large and often competing demands for water andincreasing importance of sustainability criteria, waterresource managers have begun to examine closely ways inwhich the operation of existing and planned reservoirscould be optimised. Guidelines have been devised on theoperation of...

This paper critically examines Brazil’s transbasin diversion experiences and two select, large-scale transbasin projects outside of Brazil. Rather than simply compare Brazil’s experiences with international cases, the authors explore the historical context of the projects, focusing on the...

Severe water shortage is unacceptable for water-supply reservoir operation. For avoiding single periods of catastrophic water shortage, this paper proposes a multi-reservoir operating policy for water supply by combining parametric rule with hedging rule. In this method, the roles of parametric...

There are three methods for analysing the flow and pressure distribution in looped water supply networks (the loop method, the node method, the pipe method), accounting for the chosen unknown hydraulic parameters. For all of these methods, the nonlinear system of equations can be solved using...

The application of a decision analysis methodology to a small-scale water-supply/aquifer-contamination problem is presented. The main characteristic of the study is the development of a series of alternative strategies to ensure a continuous water supply to a village under variable risk...

This paper introduces the conjunctive use of a deterministic water quality model and water balance criteria for supporting the assessment of simulation and to evaluate the effectiveness of proposed operation strategies. By this, the applicability of enhanced reservoir operation strategies...

This study investigates the water availability scenario along Tokyo Metropolitan Area (TMA) under future climatic changes. TMA, which depends largely on the adjacent Tone river for its water supply, suffers from water shortage almost once in 2–3 yr. A methodology was developed considering...

Climate change is one of the main driving forces that affect both the temporal and spatial variability of water availability. Besides climatic change, current demographic trends, economic development and related land use changes have direct impact on increasing demand for freshwater resources....