Water suppliers in parts of Europe currently face occasional Drinking Water Directive compliance challenges for a number of pesticide active substances including metaldehyde, clopyralid and propyzamide. Water Framework Directive (WFD) Article 7 promotes a prevention-led (catchment management)...

The need to protect groundwater resources against quality deterioration due to anthropogenic activities is unquestionable. The concept of aquifer pollution vulnerability maps and of wellhead protection areas (WHPA) as protection tools is not new; however, in spite of the elapsed time, their use...

Concern continues to grow over unreliable water access at the household level in many developing countries. A contingent valuation survey was designed to elicit willingness-to-pay for safe and reliable drinking water in León, Nicaragua. In addition, split-sample treatments were used to...

In this research we examined the hypothesis that agricultural pollution is a key determinant of variability in nutrients concentrations and benthic fauna in a semi-arid tropical lowveld region of southeast Zimbabwe. Water quality was monitored in the river water column and river bottom sediments...

Along with the sequent completion of Manwan and Dachaoshan Dam, the river continuum of the middle and lower reaches of the Lancang River was separated into three types of segments: reservoir, below-dam segment and downstream flowing segment. The long-term series of water quality and river flow...

Water temperature was continuously recorded during the ice-free season between June/July and October/November at 90 sites with lentic and lotic stream sources distributed throughout the Nicola River watershed (British Columbia, Canada) in 1999, 2000, and 2001. The eight lentic-sourced stream...

Scenario analysis of rainwater harvesting and utilization (RWHU) was performed considering various non-potable water uses in different building types over a year. Six building types were identified in the study area using GIS data: residential houses, offices, commercial buildings, restaurants,...

Drawbacks of intermittent water supply system and inability to shift to continuous supply mode is the main challenge in developing countries. The suitability of the infrastructure laid over past two to three decades to meet the 24/7 demand of todays population is the issue for many water...

This paper presents a new game theoretic methodology for equitable waste load allocation in rivers utilizing fuzzy bi-matrix games, Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithms II (NSGA-II), cooperative game theory, Bayesian Networks (BNs) and Probabilistic Support Vector Machines (PSVMs). In this...

A numerical procedure is presented for the optimization of the position of water quality monitoring stations in a pressurized water distribution system (WDS). The procedure is based on the choice of the set of sampling stations which maximizes the monitored volume of water while keeping the...