What is the interrelationship among formal institutions, social networks, and new venture growth? Drawing on the theory … four different countries. We find the confluence of weak and inefficient formal institutions to be associated with a larger … institutional order (i.e., weaker and more inefficient institutions). The contributions and implications of these findings are …

The number of firm bankruptcies is surprisingly low in economies with poor institutions. We study a model of bank …. We show that institutions must improve significantly in order to yield a stable equilibrium in which the optimal number … of firms is liquidated. There is also a range where improving institutions may decrease the number of bad firms …

public office, institutions to encourage elected officials to keep their campaign promises are weak, and competition for …

uncertainty. While the number of financial institutions has increased dramatically, the state sector still dominates financial …

In this paper we use a comparative perspective to explore the ways in which institutions and networks have influenced …

, we show that a lack of financial institutions can lead to more corruption as more voters are part of the corrupt system … on political outcomes. Well-functioning financial institutions, in turn, increase the political support for anti …

institutions. The characteristics of officials’ clients explain most of the variation for bribery rates, but none for bribe amounts … rates and amounts. The results indicate that the bribery rate is higher at institutions with bribe-prone clients, and that … reduce corruption. Overall, the judiciary and the police are by far the most corrupt institutions. …