participation, employment and disposable income. In contrast to earlier studies we are able to capture both entry and exit effects … mandatory activation of welfare receivers reduce overall welfare participation and increases employment. We also find that …

refugees. The program has immediate and substantial short-run effects on employment, corresponding to around 15 percentage …-run employment level of about 50 percent. We show that the program boosts language skills in the short run, and that this channel … explains an increasing share of the effect on employment. Using survey data, we finally measure if the program affects …

participation, employment and disposable income. In contrast to earlier studies we are able to capture both entry and exit effects … mandatory activation of welfare receivers reduce overall welfare participation and increases employment. We also find that …

population-wide enlistment tests). Since selection into unemployment is a function of skills, we address the endogeneity of a job … the Cold War. We find that labor earnings decrease and unemployment and social insurance benefits increase for displaced … workers. In particular, individuals with high cognitive and, especially, non-cognitive skills face shorter unemployment spells …