In the presence of conditional heteroskedasticity, inference about the coefficients in a linear regression model these days is typically based on the ordinary least squares estimator in conjunction with using heteroskedasticity consistent standard errors. Similarly, even when the true form of...

Conditional heteroskedasticity of the error terms is a common occurrence in financial factor models, such as the CAPM and Fama-French factor models. This feature necessitates the use of heteroskedasticity consistent (HC) standard errors to make valid inference for regression coefficients. In...