bureaucratic elite has been joining the business elite after leaving office, and this in growing numbers. This relationship has … purpose of this paper is to explain why this social behavior takes place, and why the political elite does not try to prevent … it. Moreover, this paper shows that the bureaucratic elite obtains excessive bureaucratic power, and that promiscuous …

intergenerational framework, we show that a two-tier higher education system with standard and elite universities generates social … stratification, high social immobility and self-reproduction of the elite. Moreover, we show that the higher the relative funding for … elite universities, the higher the elite self-reproduction, and the lower social mobility. We also analyse the impacts of …

incumbent elite is a negative function of the distance to the free world. In consequence, there are conflicting effects of …

intergenerational model which shows that a two-tier higher education characterised by a division between elite and standard universities … can be a key factor in generating permanent social stratification, social immobility and self-reproduction of the "elite … elite and standard universities. A key result is that the wider the quality gap and the difference in per student …