From 2004 to 2012, the German social health insurance levied a co-payment for the first doctor visit in a calendar quarter. We develop a new model for estimating the effect of such a co-payment on the individual number of visits per quarter. The model allows for a one time increase in the...

Regression models for proportions are frequently encountered in applied work. The conditional expectation is bound between 0 and 1 and, therefore, must be non-linear which requires non-standard panel data extensions. The quasi-maximum likelihood estimator of Papke and Wooldridge (1996) suffers...

Regression models for proportions are frequently encountered in applied work. The conditional expectation function is bounded between 0 and 1 and therefore must be non-linear, requiring nonstandard panel data extensions. One possible approach is the binomial panel logit model with fixed effects...

The paper introduces two estimators for the linear random effects panel data model with known heteroskedasticity. Examples where heteroskedasticity can be treated as given include panel regressions with averaged data, meta regressions and the linear probability model. While one estimator builds...

Previous evidence shows that better insurance coverage increases medical expenditure. However, formal studies on the effect of spending on health outcomes, and especially mental health, are lacking. To fill this gap, we reanalyze data from the Rand Health Insurance Experiment and estimate a...

This paper explores an algebraic relationship between two types of coefficients for a regression with several predictors and an additive binary group variable. In a general regression, the regression coefficients are allowed to be group-specific, the restricted regression imposes constant...

When a sample combines data from two or more groups, multivariate regression yields a matrix-weighted average of the group-specific coefficient vectors. However, it is possible that the weighted average of a specific coefficient falls outside the range of the group-specific coefficients, and it...

This paper explores an algebraic relationship between two types of coefficients for a regression with several predictors and a group structure. In a general regression, the regression coefficients are allowed to be group-specific, the restricted regression imposes constant coefficients. The key...

Excess zeros are encountered in many empirical count data applications. We provide a new explanation of extra zeros, related to the underlying stochastic process that generates events. The process has two rates, a lower rate until the first event, and a higher one thereafter. We derive the...

Empirical studies on the relationship between income and happiness commonly use standard ordered response models, the most well-known representatives being the ordered logit and the ordered probit. However, these models restrict the marginal probability effects by design, and therefore limit the...