and shadow economy are substitutes in high income countries while they are complements in low income countries. The … that the shadow economy reduces corruption in high income countries, but increases corruption in low income countries. We …

We construct and estimate a unified model combining three of the main sources of cross-country income disparities …, costly adoption and spillovers from the world technology frontier. Despite its parsimonious parametrization, our empirical ….61, while increasing skill premia in all countries. Removing barriers to trade in goods amplifies income disparities, induces …

economy reduces corruption in high income countries, but increases corruption in low income countries. Finally, the various … estimation methods are discussed and critically evaluated. …

or sector, it is their productivity advantage on the local firm to determine the positive effect on domestic productivity … significant and robust Veblen-Gerschenkrion effect. The initial total factor productivity advantage of MNEs on local firm acts as … a stimulus for productivity growth of local firms in the same region. …

This paper examines Total Factor Productivity (TFP) and knowledge flows, using international patent data. The result is …-industry innovation enhances domestic productivity, and domestic between industry innovations are productivity enhancing. However, foreign …-sourced between-industry innovation has a negative effect on domestic productivity. This highlights the dual aspect of patents as a …