's counterfactual work behavior. We show that extending parental leave has significant positive effects on children's health and human … provided by mothers (or formal institutions) is superior to informal care-arrangements. …

overall improvement in the health at birth (as measured by the low birth weight indicator) of the cohorts exposed to the shock …. Moreover, we find significant improvements in health at birth exclusively for boys and not for girls. This effect seems to be … fetuses and, as a result of this selection in utero, at birth, one should observe significant improvements in health outcomes …

compared to the surrounding cohorts. The results indicate that investments in early-life health may have far reaching effects …

This paper interprets accidents occurring on the way to and from work as negative health shocks to identify the causal … effect of health on labor market outcomes. We argue that in our sample of exactly matched treated and control workers, these … health shocks are quasi-randomly assigned. A fixed-effects difference-in-differences approach estimates a negative and …

) studies, we find that the significantly positive impact of family status on children's health outcomes disappears if we … lower as compared to that of newborn babies of single mothers. The family status effects in the 2000s are stronger as they … confine our sample to mothers, who are below the age of 22 years. We conclude that social and financial stress may have an …

instrument is supported by a host of validity tests. This strategy also enables us to predict mothers' abilities. Our results …

intermediate outcomes such as mothers' subsequent earnÿ­ings, child health, parental fertility, divorce rates, or the mothers …' mental health. Overall the results suggest positive causal interaction effects between mothers' education and the amount of … time mothers spend with their children. Since the institutional context is one in which the alternative is subsidized day …

-2006, we and prenatal exposure to Ramadan among Arab mothers results in lower birthweight and reduced gestation length …We use the Islamic holy month of Ramadan as a natural experiment in fasting and fetal health. In Michigan births 1989 …

become mothers and of women eventually attaining a completed fertility of zero. We document that these groups' satisfaction … paths diverge around five years before mothers' first birth, even after adjusting for differences in observables. In our …

Labor force participation rates of mothers in Austria and Germany are similar, however full-time employment rates are … much higher among Austrian mothers. In order to find out to what extent these differences can be attributed to differences …, differences in mothers' employment patterns can partly be explained by the different tax systems: While Germany has a system of …