forward protection reduces the rate of innovation and imposing a nonobviousness requirement reduces R&D spending. It is shown … that full protection against imitation, granted independently of the size of the lead, maximizes the average innovation …

analyzes a model of North-South trade and endogenous growth through innovation and imitation that can predict the observed … both the innovation in the North and the imitational lag of the South. Opening to trade increases the growth rate and …

Institutions of higher education are considered as an important source of innovation. Consequently, big efforts are … factors affect the innovation and knowledge transfer activities of male and female academics. We show that Gender differences … position) affect such innovation transfer activities. While women generate fewer inventions than men, the fulltime employed …

important obstacle to knowledge diffusion. We find an inverse U-shaped relationship between patent strength and growth: moderate … levels of patent protection can stimulate growth, but strong protection leads to rising market power and slower growth. …

innovation output as measured by patent applications. We first estimate a long-run cointegration relation using recently … analyze the impulse response of new ideas to a shock to R&D or to a shock to innovation by estimating an error correction … mechanism. We find that internationally generated ideas have a very significant impact in helping innovation in a country. As a …

patent applications across OECD countries. In several recently developed models, known as 'idea-based' models of growth, the … knowledge on technological innovation of a country in the short and in the long run. We find that a country's stock of knowledge … very significant impact on innovation. As a consequence, a positive shock to R&D in the US (the largest world innovator …