-semester students, although instructors continued to record letter grades. We identify the causal effect of the policy on course choice … and performance, using a regressiondiscontinuity-in-time design. Students shifted to lower-grading STEM courses in the … first semester, but did not increase their engagement with STEM in later semesters. Letter grades of first-semester students …

college exposure to female instructors and students, consistent with a wider role for women's colleges in increasing female …

In this paper we explore the composition of students, the study length towards diploma, and examine the likelihood of … female university students in Sweden has children. In Sweden as in many other countries enrollment periods have been … achievement we find that students with children seem to be somewhat more efficient in their studies among those who have graduated …

Latin American and three transition countries. It looks separately at the markets for skilled and unskilled labor, inquiring … in the three Latin American countries, but not in transition economies. It also finds evidence of extensive mobility …

The effects of market and policy reforms on poverty and inequality in Latin America have been of considerable concern …

, unemployment, and income differentials in Latin America in the 1990s. The two main forces driving labor supply in the region have …

levels in Latin America. Low levels of education continue to be singled out as the main obstacle to higher productivity in … the region. We examine the scope for education to lift labor incomes above poverty levels in Latin America and find that …