The pricing kernel puzzle is the observation that the pricing kernelmight be increasing in some range of the market returns. This paperanalyzes the pricing kernel in a nancial market equilibrium. If mar-kets are complete and investors are risk-averse and have common andtrue beliefs, the pricing...

This article shows that, as long as agents are required to maintain positivewealth, the presence of portfolio constraints may give rise to asset pricingbubbles in equilibrium even if there are unconstrained agents in the economywho can benefit from the induced arbitrage opportunity. Furthermore,...

This paper surveys the literature on the linkages between asset prices and macroeconomic outcomes. It focuses on three major questions. First, what are the basic theoretical linkages between asset prices and macroeconomic outcomes? Second, what is the empirical evidence supporting these...

This paper surveys the theoretical and empirical literature on the macroeconomic implications of financial imperfections. It focuses on two major channels through which financial imperfections can affect macroeconomic outcomes. The first channel, which operates through the demand side of finance...

We derive representations for the stock price drift and volatility in theequilibrium of agents with arbitrary, heterogeneous utility functionsand with the aggregate dividend following an arbitrary Markov diffusion.We introduce a new, intrinsic characteristic of the aggregate dividendprocess that...

We define a generalized state-space model with interactive unawareness and probabilistic beliefs. Such models are desirable for potential applications of asymmetric unawareness. Applying our unawareness belief structures, we show that the common prior assumption is too weak to rule out...

We generalize the No-trade theorem for finite unawareness belief structures in Heifetz, Meier, and Schipper (2009) to the infinite case.

This paper investigates the real-time effects of foreign exchange intervention using official intraday intervention data provided by the Danish central bank. Denmark is currently pursuing an active intervention policy under the provisions of the Exchange Rate Mechanism (ERM II) and intervenes on...