estimate the country-specific cost of capital. We find a negative relationship between institutions that protect property … rights and capital costs. Firms located in countries with weak institutions were charged a premium compared to similarly … risky firms located in countries with strong institutions, and this penalty appeared to be costly in terms of future growth …

the institutions and infrastructure literature in this respect, using selection-based gravity modeling of trade flows. We …

smaller countries that were historically backward and developed a different set of political and economic institutions during … political institutions for the long-run evolution of wealth-income ratios. …

Migration is an important and yet neglected determinant of institutions. The paper documents the channels through which … emigration affects home country institutions and considers dynamic-panel regressions for a large sample of developing countries …

contract incentives, wage satisfaction), (ii) institutions (e.g. technology transfer offices, patent exploitation agencies … support infrastructure for start-ups in German academic institutions, these services are little known amongst their staff …

Increasing the realism with respect to the representation of actors, decision-making, and institutions is critical to … better understand the transition towards a low-carbon sustainable society since actors, decision-making, and institutions are …