Holmes, Mark J.; Otero, Jesús; Panagiotidis, Theodore - Rimini Centre for Economic Analysis (RCEA) - 2009
In this paper, we test for the stationarity of European Union budget deficits over the period 1971 to 2006, using a panel of thirteen member countries. Our testing strategy addresses two key concerns with regard to unit root panel data testing, namely (i) the presence of cross-sectional...