a day. Although they are above the average poverty line for developing countries, many people in these new â …€œmiddle classes†may be insecure and at risk of falling into poverty. This paper outlines indicative data on trends relating to … poverty and the non poor by different expenditure groups, and critically reviews the recent literature that contentiously …

This paper studies the impact of taxation on poverty and ex ante vulnerability of households in rural China based on … national household survey data in 1988, 1995 and 2002. It has been confirmed that i) poverty and vulnerability have reduced …€™s poverty and vulnerability. The abolishment of rural tax since 2006 would thus have a significant negative impact on both …

-Weil model. The results suggest that countries with individual rather than joint taxation, and which support families through …

paper reviews the three principal ways in which developing countries may expand and improve their taxation systems - base …

carbon emission; two, to examine whether pricing and taxation policies have any role to play in mitigating carbon emissions … that the reduction in carbon emissions is not sufficient to warrant the use of carbon taxation for mitigating emissions …