This paper presents a life cycle model that contains the Beckers (1975) and Heckmans (1976) models as special cases. Contrary to the previous literature, the model can explain the life cycle hypothesis and the maximum in the consumption profile without appealing to the rupture of typical...

Controlling for the Egyptian household choice of health infrastructure (i.e., sanitation facility and water accessibility) is done by means of a discrete choice approach consistent with the random utility model. Evidence of the importance of the indirect effect of the source of drinking water on...

In many countries, the social insurance system is under pressure from an ageing population. An increasing number of people are on sickness benefits and disability pensions in Norway. The general practitioner (GP) is responsible for assessing work capacity and issuing certificates for sick leave...

This paper analyses the impact of economic conditions and access to primary health care on health outcomes in Norway. Total mortality rates, grouped into four causes of death, were used as proxies for health, and the number of general practitioners (GPs) at the municipality level was used as the...

Western societies can reduce avoidable mortality and morbidity by better understanding the relationship between obesity and chronic disease. This paper examines the joint determinants of obesity and of heart disease, diabetes, hypertension, and elevated cholesterol. It analyzes a broadly...

A key question underpinning health production, and one that remains relatively unexplored, is the influence of socio-economic and environmental factors on weight gain and obesity. Such issues acquire particular relevance when data from two Mediterranean countries (Italy and Spain) are compared....

We investigate the effectiveness of different smoking policies on the decision to quit smoking using a choice experiment on a sample of habitual smokers. Our results indicate that restricted availability, increased cigarette prices, cessation subsidies and regulations at restaurants, bars and...

In this paper we assume that choice of commodities at the individual (household) level is made in the budget set and that the choice can be described by a probability density function. We prove that negativity (()0xExp<) is valid for one(x) or two choice variables (x, y) (No Giffen good).Negativity at the market level is valid by summation. The expected demand functions are homogeneous of degree zero in prices and income. We use general positive continuous functions f(x), f(x, y) defined on the bounded budget set. We transform them into probability density functions to calculate E(x) and prove negativity. The present approach use simple assumptions and is descriptive in its nature. Any choice behaviour that can be described by a continuous density function gives the above results. (,,)xyppm Why not keep descriptions as simple as possible?<p>

See paper

In this paper we assume that choice of commodities at the individual (household) level is made inside the budget set and that the choice can be described by a probability density function. We prove that law of demand()0xExpis valid for one(x) or two choice variables (x, y)*. The law of...