This research sheds light on the role of product scope on the innovation activity of multinational multi-product firms …. We use patent citation data to break down innovation into two types by measuring the degree to which innovation performed … focus on two features in multinational production: (i) fundamental innovation is geographically more difficult to transfer …

This paper studies the consequences of parallel import (PI) on process innovation of firms heterogeneous in their …. The impact of PI on innovation is determined by the degree of heterogeneity between firms and trade costs. Increasing … market, hence increases its innovation efforts. A tariff policy accompanied by opening borders to PI only increases welfare …