focused on the definition of speculation while others examined the relationship between oil prices and the behavior of trading … actors. In this paper, we formulate a new theory able to describe "hedging needs" as well as the role of speculators in the … shale oil production, the importance of speculation in ensuring an equilibrium in the US crude oil market has consequently …

In light of the recently passed 2010 Dodd-Frank Act, we assess the effect of margin changes on prices, the risk … decrease the rate at which prices change, yet they impair the risk sharing function and they decrease market liquidity in …

CCC and DCC multivariate GARCH models, we find that financial speculation is poorly significant in modelling returns in … ; Futures Markets ; Financial Speculation ; Multivariate GARCH …