environmental regulation on innovation and on productivity generally in separate analyses and mostly focusing on the USA. The few … existing studies focusing on Europe investigate the effect of environmental regulation either on green innovation or on … regulation on the output of innovation activity, as proxied by patents, thus providing support in favor of the "weak" PH in line …

(with price and quantity competition) and optimal regulation that involves an informational externality to the competitors …We study the regulation of a firm which supplies a regulated service while also operating in a competitive, unregulated …. Although joint conduct of the activities generates scope economies, it also entails private information, so that regulation is …