In this paper, I use Colombian data from 1996-2013 to construct two datasets that are used to assess whether the China … outside Latin America. The results validate that the China Shock has significant effects on future growth rates for employment … is affected by the China Shock, the future growth rates of export performance and informality are not. …

China is experiencing population ageing caused by a rapidly declining fertility rate and increased life expectancy … circumstances, China’s shrinking population will shave off 1.4 percent from GDP growth annually. These results, however, do not take … into account the impact of population aging on labour productivity. China’s fast move towards robotisation and artificial …