This paper highlights the institutions, actors and processes that have driven social policy provision and health care in Venezuela during distinct political periods. The historical detail contextualises a protracted struggle over the distribution of the countryś oil wealth. The paper concurs...

The paper focuses in the calculation of the oil capital value in a small open economy depending on oil rents. The Venezuelan case is used as an example. In valuing the oil capital, two issues are recalled and discussed: how should the exploration costs and the capital gains be treated? It is...

In a span of six years, the proportion of Venezuelans in Perú has surged nearly fourfold, rising from virtually zero to over 4% of the population. This study delves into the dynamics of medium- and long-term labor market integration in Perú, combining data from the Venezuelan Population...