the share of informal employment. The industry-level results indicate that a rise in import penetration from either China … reduces the employment level, the share of employment in the population, the hourly wage, the interindustry wage premium, and … or the rest of the world (ROW) reduced the employment level, hourly wage, and share of informal employment while …

findings from the literature on how productivity, innovation, and employment were impacted by the Great Liberalizationa period … employment effects. The results reinforce some of the key findings of the earlier literature, notably the positive … employment point to a relatively small negative shock, not unlike that of the early 1990s, that was centered on low-skilled labor …