real exchange rates in panel frameworks. One weakness of such tests, however, is that they fail to inform the researcher as … a small number of real exchange rates in a given panel may drive the results. In this paper we examine the PPP … when applied to a set of established panel-unit-root tests, allows the identification of the real exchange rates that are …

econometric models. A flexible multiple-index ordered probit panel data model with varying thresholds can identify response … asymmetries in single-item measures of subjective well-being. An application to data from the German Socio-Economic Panel for 1984 …