efficiency-improving vertical innovation model where energy technological progress is specified as an improvement in primary … energy use efficiency. Then a variety-expanding horizontal innovation model is presented where energy technological progress … technology tend to diverge due to cross-country differences in indigenous innovation efficiencies and knowledge absorptive …

We derive a theory-based gravity-type equation that determines the main drivers of international technology diffusion …

produced by climate-economy models while introducing the dimension of uncertainty in innovation ef- forts, without succumbing … evaluating optimal near-term innovation investment portfolios in four key clean energy technologies (solar, biofuels … innovation to improve the performance of these technologies. We employ an IAM (WITCH) which has a fairly rich description of the …

internalize the spillovers of their investment in innovation. Finally, in the third stage, each country decides non …