of manufacturing formal firms in Ecuador, and, the causal relationship between the import decision and firm productivity … manufacturing sector, (ii) when we use a measure of import intensity, we find that a 100% increase in the share of imported inputs …-by-importing" hypothesis. Finally, we find that there is self- selection of more productive firms into the import market. The main conclusion …

using manufacturing survey data and customs transaction data. We find that Chinese import competition in El Salvador has a … of Chinese import competition in El Salvador reduces the employment of production workers by 2.27%. The negative impact …-percentage-point-increase in the measure of Chinese import competition in El Salvador reduces low-productivity firms TFP by 1 …

This paper studies the impact of import competition from China on informality and wages in the Peruvian manufacturing … informal sectors. The results suggest that greater import competition increased the chances of working in the informal sector …

This paper studies the impact that import competition from China had on firms performance in the manufacturing sector … cumulative impact on net sales when we account for longer timeframes. Looking at import competition from China in third markets …

We study the impact of import competition on Mexican firm outcomes between 2003 and 2013 by exploiting variation in … import penetration across industries. Focusing on the increase in import competition from China that Mexico experienced … reallocation of resources has been productivity-enhancing, particularly in sectors that have experienced large-scale import …