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The question of protecting intellectual property rights by academic inventors was never seriously contemplated until the introduction of the Bayh-Dole Act in 1980 in the US. The Act allowed universities to retain patent rights over inventions arising out of federally-funded research and to...
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The limited availability of private funding sources to support technology transfer activities represents a major barrier to the effective commercialization of university technologies. This working paper analyzes the key determinants of use of financial instruments by universities - such as seed...
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The US decision not to ratify the Kyoto Protocol and the recent outcomes of the Bonn and Marrakech Conferences of the Parties drastically reduce the effectiveness of the Kyoto Protocol in controlling GHG emissions. The reason is not only the reduced emission abatement in the US, but also the...
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Whether China continues its current energy-intensive growth path or adopts a sustainable development prospect has … contributes to an economic exposition of China's potential transition from an energy-intensive to an innovation-led growth path …. We find that in China's initial growth period the small amount of capital stock creates higher dynamic benefits of …
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Whether China continues its business-as-usual investment-driven, environment-polluting growth pattern or adopts an …, of the mechanism underlining China’s economic transition from an investment-driven, pollution-intensive to an investment … incorporated into China’s growth mechanism, then at some tipping point in time when marginal welfare gain of R&D for knowledge …
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In this paper we attempt to provide a comprehensive understanding of the drivers of academic research and patenting in India. Academic research is conceptualised as a research production process where research inputs (like research time and number of research scholars) are transformed into...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10003963558