. The G-20 leaders agreed to submit their subsidy reform strategies to peer review and to independent expert review …

-discrimination principle of the World Trade Organization (WTO). This paper investigates this issue using an international quality …

subsidy. The panel and Appellate Body agreed that Canada was violating the GATT and the TRIMS Agreement. But the SCM Article 3 …

: Ghana, Indonesia and Iran. We examine in each case the distributional effects of subsidy removal, the design and …-term distributional effects is essential to achieving social gains. Social gain needs to have a prominent role in energy subsidy reforms …. The three case studies indicate a clear dynamic between social gains and subsidy reform processes. Thorough analysis using …

consequences of energy subsidy reforms. The framework is applied to the case of Indonesia to study the consequences in this country … of a gradual phase out of all energy consumption subsidies between 2012 and 2020. The energy subsidy estimates used as …

manufacturers and exporters face two major challenges. First, India's export promotion schemes have been challenged under the World … impact of subsidies prohibited under the World Trade Organization's Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures on …