Egypt. On the basis of a fairly stylized model we find that a reduction of the Government’s involvement in the economy along … and to an improvement in Egypt’s trade balance vis-à-vis the rest of the world. …

Using a large, original database of 385 politically connected firms under the Mubarak regime in Egypt, we document for … the first time the negative impact of cronyism on economic growth. In the early 2000s, a policy shift in Egypt led to the …