/08 global financial and economic crisis-which were supported by the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and various European …, such as the size of imbalances, financing, unique cooperation of the IMF and various European facilities, and membership of …, including the coexistence of the IMF and regional safety nets, cooperation issues, systemic spillovers, and social implications …

This paper assesses that participation of countries in IMF programs significantly diminishes their vulnerability to … external shocks. Currently, one of the primary purposes of the IMF is to ensure global stability. As such, the Fund has the … participation in the IMF arrangements has a significant impact in decreasing the sensitivity to exogenous shocks. Despite the …

The more severe a financial crisis, the greater has been the likelihood of its management under an IMF … increased programme likelihood but have prompted faster response mainly for 'major'crises. Over time, the IMF's response has not …

, China's debt has doubled, reaching levels that are clearly above those of most emerging markets. This increases the risks …

During the pandemic, public debt in Latin America and the Caribbean rose to more than 70 percent of GDP, and countries … are now attempting to lower debt ratios. We analyze past debt reduction episodes and find inflation and the real interest … rate were the most frequent main drivers, while higher growth, fiscal consolidation and debt restructuring were relatively …

these companies use external financing sources like debt and equity capital to finance their activities. However, in general … literature. In this context, the access to debt capital and even more often the access to Venture Capital is analysed. Research … that bank loans and overdrafts are the most widespread debt financing methods for SMEs, but that alternative sources like …