Finnish bioeconomy and b) a study of the composition and changes of employment in the German bioeconomy in comparison to the … the bioeconomy atypical forms of employment occur more often while overall job numbers are declining. …

reduces the employment level, the share of employment in the population, the hourly wage, the interindustry wage premium, and … the share of informal employment. The industry-level results indicate that a rise in import penetration from either China … or the rest of the world (ROW) reduced the employment level, hourly wage, and share of informal employment while …

This paper analyzes how labor ows respond to permanent idiosyncratic shifts in rm-level production functions and demand …-level employment decisions. In contrast, the paper documents rapid and substantial employment adjustments through hires and separations … in response to rm-level demand shocks. The choice of adjustment margin depends on the sign of the shock: rms adjust …