This research sheds light on the role of product scope on the innovation activity of multinational multi-product firms …. We use patent citation data to break down innovation into two types by measuring the degree to which innovation performed … focus on two features in multinational production: (i) fundamental innovation is geographically more difficult to transfer …

A major concern regarding innovation in clean technologies in the EU is that the fragmentation of its innovation system … hindering the movement towards the technological frontier. This paper evaluates the fragmentation of the EU innovation system in … integration of EU countries’ innovation efforts and to assess how citation patterns changed over time. We show that EU RES …

internalize the spillovers of their investment in innovation. Finally, in the third stage, each country decides non …