This paper examines whether language classes raises refugees' language proficiency and improves their socio …-economic integration. Our identification strategy leverages the opening, closing, and gradual expansion of local language training centers … in Denmark, as well as the quasi-random assignment of the refugees to locations with varying proximity to a language …

the important assumption that multilingualism and the choice of the language (even in a street sign) is an individual and … choice of the language used in the signs of a shopping street. We work with a dataset containing about 200 observations …

We introduce the notion of language disenfranchisement which arises if the number of EU working languages is reduced …. We use the data on language proficiency in EU and show that, in spite of the widespread knowledge of English, the … though French is the second leading language within the EU, the situation is likely to be reversed after the enlargement. …

authors, this may lead to a form of cultural domination of English. The population speaking English as a first language is … other language. We develop a theoretical model of translation, which is estimated on the basis of UNESCO translation data …

, large language models (LLMs) such as GPT 3.5 show a consistently good performance across all datasets, with accuracy rates …