risk measures for portfolios with infrequently traded securities have not been explored in the literature. We propose a … methodology to calculate market risk measures based on the Kalman filter which can be used on incomplete datasets. We implement … applied to other markets with thinly traded securities. Our methodology provides reliable market risk measures in portfolios …

Concurrent with the rapid development of the market for catastrophe (cat) bonds, a steady decline in their risk premia … has been observed. Whether the latter trend is consistent with the evolution of natural disasters risk is an open question …. Indeed, a large share of outstanding risk capital in the cat bonds market appears to be exposed to some climate change …