paper gives an overview of recent trends in the growth of real value added, labour productivity and employment as well as of … demographic scenarios. Based on these trends, the hypothetical increase of labour productivity growth which would be required to … that the hypothetical labour productivity growth rate required is about one percentage point higher than the actual growth …

into account the impact of population aging on labour productivity. China’s fast move towards robotisation and artificial … intelligence might help mitigate any negative impacts by increasing productivity, but there is no sign yet that this is the case. …

Japan is the most rapidly aging country in the world. This is evidence that the social security system, which consists …. During this period, the ratio of people aged 65 or over will rise from 23 percent to 39.9 percent. Japan's age dependency …