In this paper we investigate the effect of family connections to politicians on individuals' labor market outcomes. We … on the part of politicians, the effect increases with politicians' clout and with the resources available in the …

The challenge of public administration reform is well-known: politicians often have little interest in the efficient … research uses evidence from a small group of countries to conclude that clientelistic politicians resist reforms that restrict … their patronage powers. We support this conclusion with new evidence from many countries, allowing us to rule out …

candidates vs proportional system with open list of candidates - on the quality of politicians. The exogenous variation in the … implement a Difference-in- Differences approach to compare the change in politicians' quality (as their education level) across … the treatment group (the Parliamentarians) and the control group (the regional councillors) of politicians before and …

We develop a model of Schumpeterian growth where political connections with long-term politicians can be exploited by …. Through personal relationships developed with the incumbent politicians, connected firms are able to reduce bureaucratic costs … that are set by the politicians in order to affect their chances of re-election. We focus on the stationary Markov perfect …