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Tradable White Certificates (TWC) schemes, also labelled Energy-Efficiency Certificates schemes, were recently implemented in Great Britain, Italy and France. Energy suppliers have to fund a given quantity of energy efficiency measures, or to buy so-called "white certificates" from other...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10008798522
. The three case studies indicate a clear dynamic between social gains and subsidy reform processes. Thorough analysis using …Fossil fuel subsidies reform has been intensively debated and promoted as a concrete step towards sustainable … social and distributional gains of the energy subsidies reform. The research follows a comparative analysis approach. Three …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011485110
During the last few years and because of the low oil prices in particular, the increasing awareness of the unsustainability of subsidized systems led several MENA countries to take steps to lower subsidies, which have been part of the social contract for decades, especially as far as the energy...
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India has a large positive trade balance in the apparel sector and is ranked among the top 10 apparel exporting countries. However, of late, its export growth has stagnated and the country is facing competition in key export markets such as the United States and the European Union from other...
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This paper studies policy instruments that correct insufficient learning-by-doing (LbD) and research and development (R&D) of renewable electricity technologies and insufficient investments in energy efficiency (EE) in the presence of carbon pricing. The theoretical model analysis shows how to...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011438967
We propose the use of a three-level random intercept model to measure the degree of environmental policy performance of different countries and to study its determinants. Inspired by the literature on multilevel latent models and Item Response Theory (IRT), this framework treats policy...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010419794
The extraction and processing of unconventional oil is more energy intensive and has larger negative environmental impacts than the extraction of conventional oil. The European Union (EU) estimates that oil sands lead to 22% more emissions than conventional oil. The EU is very concerned by the...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010459846