, where violence is endemic and are particularly pronounced among children of poorly educated mothers, implying that violence … impact of in-utero exposure to local violence - measured by homicide rates - on birth outcomes. The estimates show that … exposure to violence during the first trimester of pregnancy leads to a small but precisely estimated increase in the risk of …

children of poorly educated mothers, implying that violence compounds the disadvantage that these children already suffer as a … the impact of in-utero exposure to local violence -measured by homicide rates- on birth outcomes. Focusing on small … communities, where it is more plausible that local homicide rates reflect actual exposure to violence, the analysis shows that …

waves of trade-related activity reflected in popular media coverage? This question connects to a longstanding and important … criticism that media coverage on India-Pakistan relations is pre-occupied with security events, to the exclusion of non … which the public pressure politicians to do so. This paper measures the quantum of nearly two decades of media coverage on …

communication between an uninformed voter and a media outlet that knows the quality of two competing candidates. The alternatives …