. The G-20 leaders agreed to submit their subsidy reform strategies to peer review and to independent expert review …

control policy is imperfect designed or implemented, its performance can be improved by an energy (output) tax/subsidy scheme …, where the subsidy is given only to renewable generators or for energy efficiency improvements. This combination can bring … needs to be applied globally to have its best effect and heterogeneous implementation (i.e. different levels of tax/subsidy …

consequences of energy subsidy reforms. The framework is applied to the case of Indonesia to study the consequences in this country … of a gradual phase out of all energy consumption subsidies between 2012 and 2020. The energy subsidy estimates used as …

same good with a technology that employs a polluting input and a clean technology. The second-best tax and subsidy are … output but does not affect the total output. On the other hand, the subsidy leads to the monopoly to reduce the dirty output … subsidy is used provided that the marginal cost of clean output is not very high, as a linear-quadratic specification of the …

small fraction of fiscal revenues from energy subsidy removal or energy taxation could be sufficient to compensate …