Farmers, especially small and marginal, do not directly trade in agri-futures market in India. Their small size, lack … necessity of having forward looking cropping patterns, where farmers' planting decisions are based on future prices rather than … farmers to FPOs and second, FPOs to futures market. Based on this research about constraints, the paper puts forward a few …

arable land in proportion to the pesticide mass discharged annually in a spring at minimum total transport cost. The approach … direction. Validation using a different pesticide showed the best agreement with the simplest model used, whereas using … presents the advantage of integrating objectively information on land use and pesticide concentration in spring water into the …

The use of environmental policy instruments such as eco-labelling and pesticide taxes should preferably be based on … disaggregate estimates of the individuals' willingness to pay (WTP) for pesticide risk reductions. We review the empirical … valuation literature dealing with pesticide risk exposure and develop a taxonomy of environmental and human health risks …

pesticide use. A statistical technique known as conjoint choice experiment is used here in combination with contingent valuation …

, farmers have little access to traditional crop insurance, which suffers from high information asymmetry and transaction costs …