outcomes between richer and poorer students who leave school with good attainment levels. From a set of policies aimed at … targets the supply side by enforcing universities to give preferential admission to poorer students who graduate near the top … of their secondary school class. This policy would substantially narrow earnings gaps between richer and poorer students …

the frame of availability (number and distribution of places), accessibility (ability of prospective students to take up … to horizontality on account of the preponderance of disadvantaged students in lower quality for-profit institutions, in …