rapid economic convergence. The case of Estonia is used, and micro data from the Labour Force Survey from 1989 to 2020 are … participation for women. Although the regime was formally egalitarian, the gender attitudes were conservative and the raw gender … wage gap was as large as 41% at the end of the communist period in Estonia. The large gender wage gap under communist rule …

members and executives in Latin America and the Caribbean region (LAC). Women are as under-represented in LAC as in the United … States, but much less so in the Caribbean. It is then estimated whether companies with women board members are more likely to … appoint women executives. This is the case in LAC, but the results are driven strongly by Caribbean companies. The paper …

status in which women raise their children and the family context in which children are raised. We refer to family context as …This chapter provides an account of the major family transformations that occurred in recent decades across Latin …-Paredes, 2018a; Juárez & Gayet, 2014). This combination of stability and change has had profound transformations in the family …