. This paper shifts the focus to task-based motivation and finds that it yields significantly more effort than mission …-based motivation. Moreover, in the presence of significant task motivation, mission motivation has no additional effect on effort. The … three tasks, from boring to interesting. In addition, for half of the students, mission motivation is present: their effort …

Between sports and happiness. Using longitudinal data from the German Socio- Economic Panel (GSOEP), we find a positive … correlation between sports participation and reported life satisfaction. This relationship is stronger at younger and older ages … causal directions. It turns out that the causal impact of engaging in sports on happiness is about four times higher than the …