find a positive effect on productivity from outsourcing only if firms provide training for the workforce. This indirect …. This can be explained by the different feedback effect of labor productivity on training and by the different type of … training provided. While production outsourcing induces an organizational change which stimulates off-the-job training for …

This paper investigates the relationship between education and training provided by the firm, both on the job and off … and negative relationship between educational attainment and on the job training and no significant relationship between … education and off the job training. We also find that education and training are technical complements, especially in the case …

wage compression and training incidence in 11 European countries. I find that, after controlling for individual factors and … compression and training. This positive relationship is confirmed when I consider only general training. While the former finding … is consistent with both competitive and non - competitive approaches to training, the latter result is only consistent …

Understanding the causal association between skills and productivity is essential for designing effective training … difference-in-difference strategy. The results indicate large positive effects of the training program on store … increasing productivity through training programs targeting critical skills. …

Using data from the World Bank's Enterprise Survey, this paper explores the determinants of firms' training decisions … factors; training programs are not prevalent in all sectors. In addition, the share of workers receiving training depends on … workers receiving training is low and that the extensive and intensive margins of training are affected by different sets of …