living above absolute poverty but below a security-from poverty-line. The paper sets out what has happened. It is argued that … poverty line. The patterns of growth, precarity, and structural change underlying the emergence of the world's two middles are …

This paper examines the extent and determinants of structural poverty dynamics in South Africa, focusing on the socio … complex processes, livelihood strategies, and asset dynamics that condition movements int o and out of structural poverty …

be associated with acute social inequality and deep poverty. Many countries struggle to diversify their economies, and …

The goal of this paper is to examine the impact of human rights on income distribution and poverty by exploring how … both aid and trade can influence poverty and income distribution through human rights. The analysis employs data for 125 … equality and poverty reduction. The interaction of human rights with official development assistance and trade flows shows that …

by falling poverty and fairly stable, or even declining, income inequality. Subsequently, from about the mid-1970s … onwards, a cumulative process of non-farm diversification took hold, and was accompanied by further growth and poverty decline … growth in inequality and has played a particularly pronounced role in reducing poverty. …

. The paper underscores the principles of the poverty focus of social assistance and presents an overview of existence … evidence of first- and second-order effects of social assistance, particularly in the domains of poverty, education, health and …

of the increase in the value-added tax (VAT) rate and increases in benefit amounts in 2018. Although poverty and … an expanded set of social benefits would lead to reduced poverty and inequality in comparison to the current practice of …

This paper analyses the impacts of indirect tax policy reforms on income distribution and poverty in Tanzania by … government tax revenue and a neutral effect on income distribution and poverty. The results of the second reform find a positive … distribution, poverty indicators fell. …