creating incentives for the population to enter formal employment. However, empirical evidence on labour supply elasticities in … the presence of informal employment remains scarce. This paper analyses female labour supply behaviour and the choice … between formal and informal employment in Ecuador, a middle-income country characterized by persistent levels of informal …

and the probability of getting one shows that schooling increases the chances of being hired in formal employment and of … having higher earnings in it. Women with greater responsibilities at home are less likely to want formal employment, and they … employment. However, the estimated fraction of involuntary informal workers is quite high. …

sector they locate in, their employment decisions, and whether to transition from one sector to another. In this paper, we … production, but also the level of employment, and consider how these might be affected by varying degrees of regulatory … interplay of regulation and its enforcement on the one hand, and firm decision-making about employment and output on the other …

This paper examines employment transitions in the South African labour market. Using the Post-Apartheid Labour Market … accounting for wage employment and self-employment as well as upper-tier and lower-tier informal sector segments. Transition … segmentation between wage employment and self-employment. They also show a lag in the employment impacts following a recession …

This paper examines how trade sanctions affect the allocation of workers across formal and informal employment. We … industries with pre-existing different levels of exposure to international trade. Combining employment data from the Iranian … employment in the years after 2012 than workers employed in industries with lower trade exposure. This result suggests that, in …

employment losses and gains during the peak COVID-19 years compared with pre-pandemic levels. As part of its work on the impact … of the pandemic on informal workers, the Women in Informal Employment: Globalizing and Organizing (WIEGO) network … separate analysis of South African data on employment losses and gains during COVID-19 (see Rogan and Skinner 2022). This paper …

-in-differences design, we find that the three-week lockdown had a large and significant immediate negative impact on employment in the … treated districts, particularly among workers in informal self-employment. While the gap in employment between the treated and …

The informal sector makes up an overwhelming share of both gross domestic product and total employment in Africa. In …

This paper studies the impact of the COVID-19 crisis on the gendered dimensions of employment and mental health among … urban informal-sector workers in India. First, we find that men's employment declined by 84 percentage points post … did not experience any significant impact on employment post pandemic, as reported by their husbands. Second, we document …