distinguishes within each major area of economic activity a modern wage-employment sector and an informal self-employment one. In … contrast to agriculture - where the labour share fell due a shift of labour force towards the wage-employment sector - in other … major areas of the economy the fall in the labour share is explained by reductions within the wage-employment sector …

We consider economic development of sub-Saharan Africa from the perspective of slow convergence of productivity, both … across sectors and firms within sectors. Why have 'productivity enclaves', islands of high productivity in a sea of smaller … low-productivity firms, not diffused more rapidly? We summarize and analyse three sets of factors: First, the poor …

inputs. Trade protection can provide space for domestic firms to increase prices and mark-ups, allowing low-productivity … misallocation, leading to aggregate productivity losses of 5-10 per cent. In particular, tariffs are strongly related to distortions … that are correlated with firm productivity. The main channel through which tariffs distort the allocation of capital is …

sector, this paper examines productivity dynamics of formal and informal firms. We decompose productivity changes into …-formal transitions. Our results show that productivity is considerably lower and misallocation more prevalent in the informal than in the … formal sector. Yet, formalizing firms in Viet Nam make an important contribution to aggregate productivity growth among …

of firm productivity, focusing on the role played by international management standards certification. We develop and … technological capabilities, international standards are still conducive to higher productivity, through improved management … productivity premium. We further investigate the relationship between technological innovation and standard adoption. We find that …

significant effect of non-farm employment participation on farm productivity. Income diversification therefore remains an … farmers' productivity, using survey data from 300 smallholder farm households in northern Ghana. The study employs an … effect of participation on productivity. Factors determining participation in off-farm activity include the head of household …

Using comprehensive, anonymized tax administrative data for the 2008-14 period, we examine firm-level productivity in … South Africa. Measures of firm-level productivity are included in a spatial autoregressive model that assesses spillovers … from total factor productivity originating from agglomeration economies and the spatial diffusion of productivity shocks …