-up estimates and relate these to firm-level formality. The average firm-specific mark-up using a trans-log revenue production … ownership form. Zooming in on firm-level registration, we find a formality premium of 16 per cent, even when controlling for … selection into formality. Moreover, a firm size threshold exists, confirming that smaller informal firms are less likely to reap …

We expect effective state institutions to matter in a country's ability to respond to crises. Yet notably in the first … relationships in the cross-country data, drawing on measures of the state, COVID's health impact, and pandemic policy response. In … between state effectiveness and pandemic health outcomes does in fact pertain. Our findings also offer insight into how …

This paper investigates if changes in the minimum wage have influenced changes on the formality and informality rates …

transfers is found to be trivial to the deepening of informality and inactivity among recipients. …

poverty and informality in the country, taking into account the simultaneous two-way relationship between these two phenomena …

on workers' demographics and employment, including job formality status. Our estimation strategy exploits quasi …-exogenous changes in industry-level real exchange rates to explore the likelihood of informality across employers exposed to varying …

different informality definitions. The first is binary, based on whether firms pay taxes. The second captures five categories of … registration with the authorities, and the third definition relates to three groupings of the informality status of a firm …'s workers. Depending on the informality concept used, formalization has positive, insignificant, and negative performance …

informality-and workers' transitions to decent work using multinomial logistic regressions and recent Labour Market Panel Surveys …

This paper studies the incidence and heterogeneity of labour informality in six Latin American countries … job and, within informality, the chance of better wages. …